Sir Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist and theologian, who have been "considered by many to be the greatest and most influential scientist who ever lived. In his work, Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion, which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries. Newton’s Laws were a great contribution to physics. The first law is an object in a state of rest or uniform motion, remains in that state unless an external force is applied to it. His second law is the formula F=ma. If you exert the same force on two objects with different mass, you will get different acceleration. His third law is that for every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force).  In Newton's law of universal gravitation he states that every matter in the universe attracts every other matter with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance of both matters. It is gravity that holds the atmosphere in place. If the Earth's mass was much smaller the gravitational acceleration would not be large enough to hold the density of an atmosphere that we have now. During Newton’s life he created concept known as Pressure Gradient Force. It is not actually a 'force' but the acceleration of air due to pressure difference which acts on gases. In meteorology, pressure gradient force refers to the horizontal movement of air. Within the atmosphere, there are several forces that impact the speed and direction of winds. The most important though is the Earth’s gravitational force. It is the pressure gradient force that causes the movement of air. The difference in the air pressure is caused by the unequal of the earth’s surface. Newton was a great influence in the field of science itself which to this day plays a great part in what we know today.